ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different intensity of wearable lower limb rehabilitation robot-assisted training on walking function, lower limb motor function, balance function and functional independence of stroke patients. MethodsFrom November, 2021 to December, 2022, 60 stroke patients hospitalized in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were randomly divided into control group (n = 20), observation group 1 (n = 20) and observation group 2 (n = 20). All the groups received routine rehabilitation, while the control group received routine walking training 30 minutes a day, the observation group 1 received wearable lower limb rehabilitation robot-assisted training 30 minutes a day, and the observation group 2 received wearable lower limb rehabilitation robot-assisted training 60 minutes a day, for four weeks. They were assessed with Functional Ambulation Category scale (FAC), Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI) before and after treatment. ResultsOne case in the observation group 1 and three cases in the observation group 2 dropped down. The FAC, FMA-LE, BBS and RMI scores improved in all the three groups after treatment (|Z| > 3.448, |t| > 8.102, P < 0.001), and there was no significant difference in all the indexes among the three groups (|H| < 4.643, F = 1.454, P > 0.05); however, the improvement of BBS score was more in the observation group 1 than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the improvement of all the indexes was more in the observation group 2 than in the control group (P < 0.05). ConclusionThe wearable lower limb rehabilitation robot-assisted training may promote the recovery of walking function, lower limb motor function, balance function and functional independence of stroke patients, and high-intensity training seems to be more effective.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo visually analyze the current status, hot spots and frontiers of the researches on transcranial magnetic stimulation for stroke in recent five years. MethodsLiterature related to transcranial magnetic stimulation for stroke were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022, and a visualized analysis was performed using CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software. ResultsThe number of published papers increased year by year, the most prolific author was Abo Masahiro, the country with the largest number of articles was China, and Sun Yat-sen University published the most papers. The hot keywords were cerebral cortex, functional magnetic resonance imaging, cortical excitability, plasticity, etc. The top five keywords of bursting strength were unilateral spatial neglect, poststroke, neuropathic pain, cortical plasticity, and trancallosal inhibition. ConclusionThe popularity of studies on transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of stroke is increasing year by year. In the future, attention can be paid to the therapeutic effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on unilateral spatial neglect, neuropathic pain, etc. Additionally, the influence of transcranial magnetic stimulation on cortical plasticity can be further studied.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of an intelligent aerobic bicycle training on lower limb motor function, cardiopulmonary function and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with ischemic stroke at different courses. MethodsFrom November, 2019 to November, 2021, 138 ischemic stroke patients were stratified-randomly divided into control group (n = 69) and experimental group (n = 69). All the patients received medication and routine rehabilitation training, and the experimental group additionally received intelligent aerobic bicycle training, for eight weeks. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), Six-minute Walk Test (6MWT) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before, and four weeks and eight weeks after treatment. ResultsThe performances of FMA-LE, VO2peak, 6MWT and MBI improved in both groups after treatment (|t| > 6.763, P < 0.001), and improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.439, P < 0.05). For the patients beginning training less than one month after stroke, the performances of FMA-LE, VO2peak and 6MWT improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.036, P < 0.05); for those during one to three months, the performances of 6MWT and MBI improved more (|t| > 2.005, P < 0.05); for those during three to six months, the performances of all the tests were not significantly different (|t| < 1.303, P > 0.05). ConclusionIntelligent aerobic bicycle training may improve the lower limb motor function, cardiopulmonary function and ADL for patients with ischemic stroke, especially intervening earlier.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study gender-related differences of clinical characteristics and vascular complications in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma(APA).Method Consecutive 315 patients with APA confirmed by pathological diagnosis were included and the clinical features and vascular complications were compared based on gender.Results (1) Of the 315 patients with APA,female accounted for 52.7％ (166/315).Male patients with APA presented a higher BMI,compared with females [(25.4± 2.9) vs (24.1 ± 3.2) kg/m2,P＜0.01],and the history of smoking and drinking was more common in male patients.No significant difference was found in regard to the age,duration,hypokalemia,tumor size,and family history of hypertension between two groups (P＞0.05).(2) No significant difference was found in the prevalence of hypertension,duration of hypertension,blood pressure,and antihypertensive medieation between two groups.However,the patients with grade 3 hypertension tended to be more prevalent in males(P =0.08).(3) Serum aldosterone concentrations were similar in two groups,but 24 h urinary aldosterone showed an increased trend in male group (P =0.07).(4) The overall prevalences of cardiovascular (51.0％ vs 36.1％) and cerebrovascular (9.4％ vs 3.0％) complications were significantly higher in male group (P ＜ 0.05).Further analysis of cardiac events revealed significantly higher rates of left ventricular hypertrophy (23.5％ vs 13.9％) and arrhythmia (21.5％ vs 10.8％) in males (P＜0.05).However,no significant difference in the prevalence between two groups was found in regard to cerebral hemorrhage,infarction,and chronic renal insufficiency.(5) The fall of blood pressure and recovery from hypokalemia were comparable between males and females in two weeks after sugery.However,in the patients with persistent hypertension,the number of antihypertensive drugs used in males was greater than that in females and more male patients needed ≥ 2 types of antihypertensive drugs.Conclusion There were significant gender-related differences with regard to clinical features and vascular complications in patients with APA.
ABSTRACT
A 31-year-old male normotensive patient with aldosterone-producmg adenoma complained of thirst,polydipsia,polyuria,and periodical paraplegia.The diagnosis is raised by signs of hypokalemia.Despite the lack of hypertension,primary aldosteronism was confirmed by persistent hypokalemia,increased urinary potassium,increased urinary and plasma aldosterone levels and suppressed plasma rennin activity (PRA).The blood pressure profile was studied by ambulatory monitoring,and the mean blood pressure of 24h was normal and the circadian rhythm remained normal. Surgical removal of the histologically typical aldosterone-producing adenomas normalized the kalemia.The patient had a marked fall in blood pressure with mean values of 21/17 mm Hg ( diurnal and nocturnal blood pressure were 19/17 and 22/17 mm Hg respectively)and recovery of normal urinary and plasma aldosterone levels and PRA 6 weeks after surgery.This suggests that excess serum aldosterone induced relative hypertension in those patients whose blood pressure was spontaneously very low.Our observations call for primary hyperaldosteronism assay in patients with hypokalemia and renal potassium leakage.